{"id":723,"date":"2023-10-25T10:54:29","date_gmt":"2023-10-25T08:54:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/why-preserve-the-skin-microbiota\/"},"modified":"2026-06-07T15:44:32","modified_gmt":"2026-06-07T13:44:32","slug":"why-preserve-the-skin-microbiota","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/en\/news\/why-preserve-the-skin-microbiota\/","title":{"rendered":"Why preserve the skin microbiota?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1282\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Banniere_article_2_skin.png\" alt=\"Cosmetics and skin microbiota\" width=\"1141\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Banniere_article_2_skin.png 1141w, https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Banniere_article_2_skin-600x110.png 600w, https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Banniere_article_2_skin-768x141.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1141px) 100vw, 1141px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The skin serves as the first line of interaction with the external environment and as a defence mechanism against the physical, chemical, or biological stresses and challenges it encounters. The<a href=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/en\/skin-microbiome-analysis\/\"> skin microbiota<\/a> plays a key role in these interactions and defence functions. Formerly known as &#8220;<strong>skin flora<\/strong>&#8220;, it colonises every square centimetre of the skin. Its role is fundamental to both skin health and the overall well-being of the body.<em> What are the factors that influence its composition, and what disrupts its functions?<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>The skin microbiota, an ally in skin protection<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"wf-columns wf-columns-stack-medium\" data-wf-columns=\"1\">\n<div class=\"wf-column\">\n<h2><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1283\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/homme_appliquant_de_la_creme_sur_son_visage.png\" alt=\"Man applying a cosmetic product on his skin\" width=\"435\" height=\"554\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" title=\"Man applying a cosmetic product on his skin\" data-alt=\"Design sans titre 4\" \/><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wf-column\">\n<h3><strong>A major role in skin barrier function<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The skin acts as a protective <strong>barrier between the body and the environment<\/strong>, serving as a physical and chemical barrier that prevents pathogens and toxins from entering.<\/p>\n<p>The<strong> skin\u2019s microbiota<\/strong> plays a major role in maintaining the<strong> integrity and functionality of this barrier<\/strong>, which protects life.&nbsp; Amongst its properties, the skin\u2019s microbiota:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>constitutes a <strong>physical barrier<\/strong> against pathogens\u2019 invasion, establishing with them an eubiotic equilibrium in terms of food and space;<\/li>\n<li>produces antimicrobial substances, thus ensuring a <strong>chemical barrier<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>participates in the <strong>skin protective biofilm structuration<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>participates actively in the normal and constant process of the <strong>skin\u2019s desquamation and self-repair<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Skin Microbiota and immunity: A constant dialogue<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The <strong>skin\u2019s microorganisms<\/strong> play a role educating the mucosal immune system, similar to the identified interactions between the gut microbiota and the intestinal mucosal barrier.&nbsp; As a result, the skin\u2019s microbiota maintains a continuous dialogue with the <strong>mucosal-associated immune system<\/strong> (MAIS). This communication favours an appropriate inflammatory response in case of injury and an effective wound healing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>An evolving microbiota, that adapts but is vulnerable<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>The skin microbiota is influenced by numerous factors<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"background-color: inherit; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; caret-color: auto;\"><em> &nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"wf-columns wf-columns-stack-medium\" data-wf-columns=\"1\">\n<div class=\"wf-column\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Internal factors that regulate the skin microbiota\u2019s composition&nbsp;include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>age<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li><strong>genetics<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>the <strong>balance of the gut microbiota<\/strong> (the gut-skin axis) and its connections to <strong>diet and stress<\/strong> (the gut-brain-skin axis);<\/li>\n<li><strong>Medications<\/strong>, such as antibiotics and corticosteroids;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gender<\/strong> and <strong>hormonal balance<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wf-column\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"wf-columns wf-columns-stack-medium\" data-wf-columns=\"1\">\n<div class=\"wf-column\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1285\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Illustration_newsletter-skin_2_1.png\" alt=\"Illustration newsletter skin 2 1\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Illustration_newsletter-skin_2_1.png 800w, https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Illustration_newsletter-skin_2_1-600x300.png 600w, https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Illustration_newsletter-skin_2_1-768x384.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wf-column\">\n<p>Its balance is also influenced by external factors. Being in direct contact with the external environment, the skin is subject to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Climate variations<\/strong> (temperature, ambient humidity, UV exposure, hygrometry);<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pollution<\/strong>: a different skin microbiota has been observed in urban environments compared to more rural ones;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cleansings<\/strong> and the <strong>use of cosmetic or body hygiene products<\/strong> (soaps, lotions, creams, deodorant;<\/li>\n<li>The<strong> types of clothing worn<\/strong>, which can affect the acid and secretion production of the skin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Alteration causes of the skin microbiota<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The skin microbiota has the ability to <strong>self-regenerate and stabilise<\/strong>. Despite this remarkable resilience, this ability can be altered. An <strong>excessive frequency of washing<\/strong>, or the<strong> repetitive application of non-adapted products<\/strong>, antibacterial agents, antibiotics, or antifungals can profoundly degrade its integrity. Consequences of this degradation include the <strong>destruction and non-renewal of the hydrolipidic biofilm<\/strong>, increased <strong>desquamation<\/strong>,<strong> local inflammation<\/strong>, and the <strong>proliferation<\/strong> of certain drug-resistant strains responsible for fungal infections. These are all signs of skin microbiota dysbiosis.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A skin dybiosis, if it persists, can trigger or perpetuate certain<strong> skin diseases<\/strong>. Although it is always challenging to determine whether skin microbiota dysbiosis is the cause or consequence of a skin condition, it is clear that a state of dysbiosis will only exacerbate the symptoms.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>The \u00ab Gut-Skin Axis&nbsp;\u00bb <\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"wf-columns wf-columns-stack-medium wf-columns-layout-auto\" data-wf-columns=\"1\">\n<div class=\"wf-column\">\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-1286\" src=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Illustration_2_article_1_cosmeto_3.png\" alt=\"The \u00ab Gut-Skin Axis&nbsp;\u00bb\" width=\"313\" height=\"313\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" title=\"The \u00ab Gut-Skin Axis&nbsp;\u00bb\" data-alt=\"Design sans titre 8\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Illustration_2_article_1_cosmeto_3.png 500w, https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Illustration_2_article_1_cosmeto_3-300x300.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 313px) 100vw, 313px\" \/>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wf-column\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The gut microbiota has a close<strong> bidirectional relationship with all other microbiotas<\/strong>. Therefore, it plays a role in the development or maintenance of dermatological pathologies.<\/p>\n<p>Like the <strong>gut-brain axis<\/strong>, which is now extensively studied, the &#8220;<strong>gut-skin axis<\/strong>&#8220;, and more specifically the &#8220;gut-brain-skin axis,&#8221; has become a topic of scientific interest. (Arck et al. 2010). This axis has been identified through the study of skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis, eczema, acne, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and rosacea. Cutaneous homeostasis is now recognized as strongly linked to gastrointestinal health and nervous balance. (De Pessemier et al. 2021).<\/p>\n<p>Both the<strong> epidermis and intestinal epithelium<\/strong> functionally and structurally share many similarities. (De Pessemier et al. 2021). This discovery has<strong> paved the way for new therapeutic strategies<\/strong>, such as the study of the impact of oral probiotics and\/or prebiotics on improving certain skin conditions. See our article on how to preserve the skin microbiota.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><em>&#8220;Why preserve the skin microbiota?&#8221; in a few words&#8230;<\/em><\/h2>\n<p><em>The stability of the skin microbiota results from complex interactions between genetic susceptibility, the immune system balance, lifestyle, exposure to environmental factors, and maintaining close links with the gut-brain axis. This stability is a direct consequence of good intestinal and nervous health.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The skin microbiota plays a vital role in constructing and maintaining an effective skin protective barrier. It is also crucial for educating and regulating immune responses. Preserving it is essential to prevent skin inflammation and the development or exacerbation of dermatological pathologies. Numerous studies are currently underway to assess the real impact of skin microbiota disruptors, contributing to the development of products that respect our skin microbiota (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/en\/news\/the-cutaneous-microbiome-s-importance-for-skin-health\/\">See our article on the influence of skin microbiota on skin health<\/a><\/em>)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Find out more about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.genoscreen.fr\/en\/skin-care\/\">our applications and the projects <\/a>we support.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"mailto:contact@genoscreen.fr?subject=(Newsletter Skin 2)\" class=\"lbtnContact\">Contact us for any further information<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div>&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;___<\/p>\n<p>Arck, P.; Handjiski, B.; Hagen, E.; Pincus, M.; Bruenahl, C.; Bienenstock, J.; Paus, R. Is there a \u2018gut\u2013brain\u2013skin axis\u2019? Exp. Dermatol. 2010, 19, 401\u2013405<\/p>\n<p>Clarke, G.; Stilling, R.M.; Kennedy, P.J.; Stanton, C.; Cryan, J.F.; Dinan, T.G. Minireview: Gut microbiota: the neglected endocrine organ. Mol. Endocrinol. 2014, 28, 1221\u20131238<\/p>\n<p>De Pessemier B, Grine L, Debaere M, Maes A, Paetzold B, Callewaert C. Gut-Skin Axis: Current Knowledge of the Interrelationship between Microbial Dysbiosis and Skin Conditions.&nbsp;Microorganisms. 2021;9(2):353. Published 2021 Feb 11. doi:10.3390\/microorganisms9020353<\/p>\n<p>Ellis SR, Nguyen M, Vaughn AR, et al. The Skin and Gut Microbiome and Its Role in Common Dermatologic Conditions.&nbsp;Microorganisms. 2019;7(11):550. Published 2019 Nov 11. doi:10.3390\/microorganisms7110550<\/p>\n<p>Lee SY, Lee E, Park YM, Hong SJ. Microbiome in the Gut-Skin Axis in Atopic Dermatitis.&nbsp;Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2018;10(4):354-362. doi:10.4168\/aair.2018.10.4.354<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Neill C. A., Monteleone G., McLaughlin J. T., Paus R. (2016).&nbsp;The gut-skin axis in health and disease: a paradigm with therapeutic implications.&nbsp;<em>Bioessays<\/em>&nbsp;38&nbsp;1167\u20131176. 10.1002\/bies.201600008<\/p>\n<p>Salem I, Ramser A, Isham N, Ghannoum MA. The Gut Microbiome as a Major Regulator of the Gut-Skin Axis.&nbsp;Front Microbiol. 2018;9:1459. Published 2018 Jul 10. doi:10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01459<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The skin serves as the first line of interaction with the external environment and as a defence mechanism against the physical, chemical, or biological stresses and challenges it encounters. The skin microbiota plays a key role in these interactions and defence functions. Formerly known as &#8220;skin flora&#8220;, it colonises every square centimetre of the skin. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1282,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[167],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-723","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Why preserve the skin microbiota? - GenoScreen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The skin serves as the first line of interaction with the external environment and as a defence mechanism against the physical, chemical, or biological stresses and challenges it encounters. The skin microbiota plays a key role in these interactions and defence functions. Formerly known as &quot;skin flora&quot;, it colonises every square centimetre of the skin. 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