GenoScreen proposes you the opportunity to characterize more accurately your microorganisms (subspecies or strain characterization) using standardized and validated molecular biology methods such as MLST or MLVA (including MIRU-VNTR)

MultiLocus Sequencing Typing (MLST)

The MLST (MultiLocus Sequencing Typing) sequencing typing is the reference technique for the distinction of different strains. This method is based on the house-keeping genes sequencing (house-keeping genes are encoding essential proteins of the bacterium). These sequences have the particularity of presenting a stable polymorphism over time and sufficient enough to distinguish strains from each other.

This approach allows the characterization of a microorganism whose genus (or species) is known in order to identity the species(or subspecies) and this thanks to the sequencing of 7 house-keeping genes.

The MLST by GenoScreen

GenoScreen's MLST service offer is a complete package of services realized from extracted DNA or thermolysate. This includes the PCRs realization, the sequencing on a capillary sequencer, the sequences analysis and the strain assignment..

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Règne / KingdomClasse / ClassOrdre / OrderEspèce / Species
AnimaliaMyxozoaMultivalvulidaKudoa septempunctata
AnimaliaRhabditophoraPlagiorchiidaClonorchis sinensis
BacteriaActinobacteriaActinomycetalesCorynebacterium diphtheriae
BacteriaActinobacteriaActinomycetalesCutibacterium acnes
BacteriaActinobacteriaActinomycetalesMycobacterium abscessus complex
BacteriaActinobacteriaActinomycetalesMycobacterium spp.
BacteriaActinobacteriaActinomycetalesRhodococcus equi
BacteriaActinobacteriaActinomycetalesStreptomyces spp.
BacteriaAlpha ProteobacteriaRhizobialesBartonella bacilliformis
BacteriaAlpha ProteobacteriaRhizobialesBartonella henselae
BacteriaAlpha ProteobacteriaRhizobialesBartonella washoensis
BacteriaAlpha ProteobacteriaRhizobialesBrucella spp.
BacteriaAlpha ProteobacteriaRhizobialesCandidatus Liberibacter solanacearum
BacteriaAlpha ProteobacteriaRhizobialesSinorhizobium spp.
BacteriaAlpha ProteobacteriaRickettsialesAnaplasma phagocytophilum
BacteriaAlpha ProteobacteriaRickettsialesOrientia tsutsugamushi
BacteriaAlpha ProteobacteriaRickettsialesWolbachia spp.
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesBacillus cereus
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesBacillus licheniformis
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesBacillus subtilis
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesMacrococcus canis
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesMacrococcus caseolyticus
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesPaenibacillus larvae
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesStaphylococcus aureus
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesStaphylococcus epidermidis
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesStaphylococcus haemolyticus
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesStaphylococcus hominis
BacteriaBacilliBacillalesStaphylococcus pseudintermedius
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesCarnobacterium maltaromaticum
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesEnterococcus faecalis
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesEnterococcus faecium
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesLactobacillus salivarius
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesMelissococcus plutonius
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesPediococcus pentosaceus
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus agalactiae
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus anginosus
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus bovis complex
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus canis
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus dysgalactiae
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus equinus complex
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus faecalis
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus gallolyticus
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus gordonii
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus mitis
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus mutans
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus oralis
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus pneumoniae
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus pyogenes
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus salivarius
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus suis
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus thermophilus
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus uberis
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus viridans
BacteriaBacilliLactobacillalesStreptococcus zooepidemicus
BacteriaBacteroidetesPorphyromonadaceaePorphyromonas gingivalis
BacteriaBeta ProteobacteriaBurkholderialesAchromobacter
BacteriaBeta ProteobacteriaBurkholderialesBordetella spp.
BacteriaBeta ProteobacteriaBurkholderialesBurkholderia cepacia complex
BacteriaBeta ProteobacteriaBurkholderialesBurkholderia pseudomallei
BacteriaBeta ProteobacteriaBurkholderialesTaylorella spp.
BacteriaBeta ProteobacteriaNeisserialesNeisseria spp.
BacteriaChlamydiaeChlamydialesChlamydiales spp.
BacteriaClostridiaClostridialesClostridioides difficile
BacteriaClostridiaClostridialesClostridium botulinum
BacteriaClostridiaClostridialesClostridium septicum
BacteriaEpsilon ProteobacteriaCampylobacteralesArcobacter spp.
BacteriaEpsilon ProteobacteriaCampylobacteralesCampylobacter spp.
BacteriaEpsilon ProteobacteriaCampylobacteralesHelicobacter cinaedi
BacteriaEpsilon ProteobacteriaCampylobacteralesHelicobacter pylori
BacteriaEpsilon ProteobacteriaCampylobacteralesHelicobacter suis
BacteriaFlavobacteriaFlavobacterialesFlavobacterium psychrophilum
BacteriaFlavobacteriaFlavobacterialesOrnithobacterium rhinotracheale
BacteriaFlavobacteriaFlavobacterialesRiemerella anatipestifer
BacteriaFlavobacteriaFlavobacterialesTenacibaculum spp.
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaAeromonadalesAeromonas spp.
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaCardiobacterialesDichelobacter nodosus
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesCitrobacter freundii
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesCronobacter spp.
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesEdwardsiella spp.
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesEnterobacter cloacae
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesEscherichia spp.
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesKlebsiella aerogenes
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesklebsiella michiganensis
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesKlebsiella oxytoca
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesSalmonella spp.
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesYersinia pseudotuberculosis
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesYersinia ruckeri
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaEnterobacterialesYersinia spp.
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPasteurellalesGallibacterium anatis
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPasteurellalesHaemophilus influenzae
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPasteurellalesHaemophilus parasuis
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPasteurellalesMannheimia haemolytica
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPasteurellalesPasteurella multocida
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPseudomonadalesAcinetobacter baumannii
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPseudomonadalesMoraxella catarrhalis
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPseudomonadalesPseudomonas aeruginosa
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPseudomonadalesPseudomonas fluorescens
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaPseudomonadalesPseudomonas putida
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaThiotrichalesPiscirickettsia salmonis
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaVibrionalesPhotobacterium damselae
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaVibrionalesVibrio cholerae
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaVibrionalesVibrio parahaemolyticus
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaVibrionalesVibrio spp.
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaVibrionalesVibrio tapetis
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaVibrionalesVibrio vulnificus
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaXanthomonadalesStenotrophomonas maltophilia
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaXanthomonadalesXylella fastidiosa
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesMycoplasma agalactiae
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesMycoplasma bovis
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesMycoplasma flocculare
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesMycoplasma hominis
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesMycoplasma hyopneumoniae
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesMycoplasma hyorhinis
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesMycoplasma iowae
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesMycoplasma pneumoniae
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesMycoplasma synoviae
BacteriaMollicutesMycoplasmatalesUreaplasma spp.
BacteriaSpirochaetesBrachyspiralesBrachyspira spp.
BacteriaSpirochaetesLeptospiralesLeptospira spp.
BacteriaSpirochaetesSpirochaetalesBorrelia spp.
BacteriaSpirochaetesSpirochaetalesTreponema pallidum subsp. pallidum
ChromistaOomycotaSaprolegnialesSaprolegnia parasitica
ExcavataParabasaliaTrichomonadidaTrichomonas vaginalis
FungiBlastocystaeBlastocystidaBlastocystis sp.
FungiEurotiomycetesEurotialesAspergillus fumigatus
FungiSaccharomycetesSaccharomycetalesCandida albicans
FungiSaccharomycetesSaccharomycetalesCandida glabrata
FungiSaccharomycetesSaccharomycetalesCandida krusei

Multiple Loci VNTR Analysis (MLVA)

The MLVA (Multiple Loci VNTR Analysis) is a genetic analysis method of VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) pattern polymorphism based on their count. During a first step, each targeted VNTR locus is amplified by PCR with flanking-region specific primers. The fragments obtained are then separated according to their size by electrophoresis on capillary sequencer. The genotyping of each locus and the results compiled from each sample allow to assign to the strain a specific numerical code for a subspecies.

The MLVA approach allows to characterize a microorganism whose species is known, to identify, at least, the subspecies through allele typing and comparison to the MLVA databases. This method is more selective than the MLST method and does not require a DNA sequencing step. It thus makes it possible to differentiate close subspecies (clonal species).

The MLVA by GenoScreen

GenoScreen's MLVA service offer is a complete package of services realized from extracted DNA or thermolysate. This includes the PCRs realization, the electrophoresis on a capillary sequencer, the data analysis and the strain assignment. 

 Ask for a quotation

Règne / KingdomClasse / ClassOrdre / OrderEspèce / Species
BacteriaActinobacteriaActinomycetalesMycobacterium tuberculosis
BacteriaActinobacteriaActinomycetalesMycobacterium bovis
BacteriaActinobacteriaActinomycetalesMycobacterium avium
BacteriaGamma ProteobacteriaThiotrichalesFrancisella tularensis

The analysis can be performed starting from a customized typing scheme based on your needs, in connection with the data available for your species.

MIRU-VNTR : the MLVA solution for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis typing

The MIRU-VNTR solution developed by our teams is being used by various healthcare centers and research teams internationally, as a kit or service delivery. GenoScreen is the worldwide leader in genotyping strains of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, the agent responsible for tuberculosis

Discover our MIRU-VNTR solutions
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